Carpal Tunnel Release

The carpal tunnel is found at the wrist. The bones of the wrist form a “U” shape, through which tendons to the fingers and the median nerve pass. Over the top of the U shape is a ligamentous band . In some patients the nerve becomes compressed as it passes through this tunnel, which may cause pain , numbness in the fingers, and weakness.

The diagnosis is best confirmed by nerve conduction studies, which are done by a neurologist. Treatment involves cutting the ligamentous band, which releases the pressure on the nerve.

Hernia Repairs

Hernias are protrusions of either fat tissue or bowel through the abdominal wall. They can affect the groin, the umbilicus (belly button) , or other places in the abdomen.

Hernias may require a simple repair, which involves suturing the hole in the abdominal wall, particularly in the umbilicus.Larger hernias may require a mesh to be placed over the repair, to reinforce the repair. Patients will need up to 6 weeks off work or any heavy physical activity after the surgery.

Gallbladder surgery

The gallbladder is located next to the liver, and produces bile which aids in digestion.

Occasionally gallstones form in the gallbladder. Depending on their size, the stones may enter the duct which joins the gallbladder to the bowel, and cause a blockage of the duct. This can cause pain , infection or jaundice (yellowing of the skin).

Removal of the gallbladder is most often done by laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery. Occasionally an open procedure may be required

Salivary Gland Surgery

The salivary glands produce saliva to aid in swallowing and digestion of food. There are four large glands - two parotid glands, and two submandibular glands. The parotid glands are situated on either side of the head, in front of and below the ears. Saliva drains from the gland by the parotid duct , which enters the mouth on the inner cheek. The submandibular glands are situated underneath the lower jaw bone, or mandible. The submandibular duct drains upward , and enters the mouth under the tongue. There are also sublingual glands, which lie underneath the tongue.

Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis is inflammation of a salivary gland. It most commonly affects the parotid and submandibular glands. It can be associated with stones in the salivary glands or their ducts. It can happen in patients who are otherwise unwell . It is more common in older patients. It can be associated with autoimmune conditions. Sialadenitis may be acute ( a single episode with short onset) or chronic (repeated episodes of pain and swelling). Surgery may be needed if an abscess develops during an acute episode, or if there are recurrent episodes which do not settle with conservative measures.

Benign Tumours

Benign tumours can occur in any of the salivary glands, but are most common in the parotid glands. They commonly cause a lump in the area of the gland. Sometimes they can cause pain, difficulty swallowing, or problems fully opening the mouth. There are many different types of salivary gland tumours. A needle biopsy will usually be required to determine the type of tumour, and to exclude cancer.

Salivary Gland Cancers

There are many different types of malignant salivary gland tumours, some of which are very rare. They occur more commonly in older patients, and may be associated with previous radiation therapy . Treatment is best undertaken by a team of doctors - surgeons, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists - who work together to recommend the best treatment.